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TEXT 20 aham atma gudakesa
SYNONYMS  aham--I;
atma--soul;
gudakesa--O Arjuna; sarva-bhuta--all living entities; asaya-sthitah--situated
within; aham--I am; adih--origin;
ca--also; madhyam--middle;
ca--also; bhutanam--all living entities; antah--end;
eva--certainly; ca--and.
TRANSLATION I am the
Self, O Gudakesa, seated in the hearts of all creatures. I am the beginning,
the middle and the end of all beings.
PURPORT In this verse
Arjuna is addressed as Gudakesa, which means one who has conquered the
darkness of sleep. For those who are sleeping in the darkness of ignorance,
it is not possible to understand how the Supreme Godhead manifests Himself
in the material and spiritual worlds. Thus this address by Krsna to Arjuna
is significant. Because Arjuna is above such darkness, the Personality
of Godhead agrees to describe His various opulences.
Krsna first
informs Arjuna that He is the Self or soul of the entire cosmic manifestation
by dint of His primary expansion. Before the material creation, the Supreme
Lord, by His plenary expansion, accepts the purusa incarnations,
and from Him everything begins. Therefore He is atma, the soul of
the mahat-tattva, the universal elements. The total material energy
is not the cause of the creation, but actually the Maha-Visnu enters into
the mahat-tattva, the total material energy. He is the soul. When
Maha-Visnu enters into the manifested universes, He again manifests Himself
as the Supersoul in each and every entity. We have experience that the
personal body of the living entity exists due to the presence of the spiritual
spark. Without the existence of the spiritual spark, the body cannot develop.
Similarly, the material manifestation cannot develop unless the Supreme
Soul of Krsna enters.
The Supreme
Personality of Godhead is existing as the Supersoul in all manifested universes.
A description of the three purusa-avataras is given in Srimad-Bhagavatam.
"The
Supreme Personality of Godhead manifests three features, as Karanodakasayi
Visnu, Garbhodakasayi Visnu and Ksirodakasayi Visnu, in this material manifestation."
The Supreme Lord Krsna, the cause of all causes, lies down in the cosmic
ocean as Maha-Visnu or Karanodakasayi Visnu, and therefore Krsna is the
beginning of this universe, the maintainer of the universal manifestation,
and the end of all the energy.
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